1. 使用Collections.sort()方法进行排序
ArrayList 存储着以字符串形式存在的国名(country name),为了对这个 ArrayList 进行排序,你需要调用 Collections.sort()方法,传递由国名构成的 ArrayList 对象。这种方法将按照自然顺序(按字母升序)对元素(国名)进行排序。代码如下:
public class SortArrayListAscendingDescending { private ArrayList arrayList; public SortArrayListAscendingDescending(ArrayList arrayList) { this.arrayList = arrayList; } public ArrayList getArrayList() { return this.arrayList; } public ArrayList sortAscending() { Collections.sort(this.arrayList); return this.arrayList; } public ArrayList sortDescending() { Collections.sort(this.arrayList, Collections.reverseOrder()); return this.arrayList; } }
在SortArrayListAscendingDescending类中,我们在构造器中初始化了一个 ArrayList 对象。在 sortAscending()方法中,我们调用了 Collections.sort()方法,并传递这个初始化的 ArrayList对象为参数,返回排序后的 ArrayList。在 sortDescending()方法中,我们调用重载的 Collections.sort()方法让其按照降序对元素排序,这个版本的 Collections.sort()接收ArrayList对象作为第一个参数,一个由 Collections.reverseOrder()方法返回的 Comparator 对象作为第二个参数。
public class SortArrayListAscendingDescendingTest { public void testSortAscendingDescending() throws Exception { ArrayList countryList = new ArrayList(); countryList.add("France"); countryList.add("USA"); countryList.add("India"); countryList.add("Spain"); countryList.add("England"); SortArrayListAscendingDescending sortArrayList = new SortArrayListAscendingDescending(countryList); ArrayList unsortedArrayList = sortArrayList.getArrayList(); System.out.println("Unsorted ArrayList: " + unsortedArrayList); ArrayList sortedArrayListAscending = sortArrayList.sortAscending(); System.out.println("Sorted ArrayList in Ascending Order : " + sortedArrayListAscending); ArrayList sortedArrayListDescending = sortArrayList.sortDescending(); System.out.println("Sorted ArrayList in Descending Order: " + sortedArrayListDescending); } }
在SortArrayListAscendingDescendingTest测试代码中,我们创建一个 ArrayList 对象,并添加了 5 个字符串对象代表 5 个国家的名字。然后我们调用 getArrayList()、sortAscending()和 sortDescending()方法,并打印这些方法返回的 ArrayList 对象。
显示结果:
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T E S T S
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Running guru.springframework.blog.sortarraylist.ascendingdescending.SortArrayListAscendingDescendingTest
Unsorted ArrayList: [France, USA, India, Spain, England]
Sorted ArrayList in Ascending Order : [England, France, India, Spain, USA]
Sorted ArrayList in Descending Order: [USA, Spain, India, France, England]
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.001 sec - in guru.springframework.blog.sortarraylis
2. 使用Comparable排序
让我们来举一个例子,JobCandidate 类的对象保存在 ArrayList 中并准备对其进行排序。JobCandidate 类有三个成员变量:字符串类型的姓名和性别、整型的年龄。我们想要对保存在 ArrayList 中的 JobCandidate 对象按照年龄进行排序。因此我们要让 JobCandidate 类实现 Comparable 接口并重写 compareTo()方法。
public class JobCandidate implements Comparable { private String name; private String gender; private int age; public JobCandidate(String name, String gender, int age) { this.name = name; this.gender = gender; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public String getGender() { return gender; } public int getAge() { return age; } @Override public int compareTo(JobCandidate candidate) { return ((this.getAge() < candidate.getAge()) ? (-1) : ((this.getAge() == candidate.getAge()) ? 0 : 1)); } @Override public String toString() { return " Name: " + this.name + ", Gender: " + this.gender + ", age:" + this.age; } }
JobCandidate 类被重写的 compareTo()方法中,我们实现了基于年龄的比较逻辑。
public class JobCandidateSorter { ArrayList jobCandidate = new ArrayList<>(); public JobCandidateSorter(ArrayList jobCandidate) { this.jobCandidate = jobCandidate; } public ArrayList getSortedJobCandidateByAge() { Collections.sort(jobCandidate); return jobCandidate; } }
在 JobCandidateSorter 类中,我们初始化了一个 ArrayList 对象,委托方将通过构造函数实例化 JobCandidateSorter 。然后我们编写了 getSortedJobCandidateByAge()方法,在这个方法中,我们调用 Collections.sort()并传递已经初始化了的 ArrayList 为参数,最后返回排序后的 ArrayList。
public class JobCandidateSorterTest { public void testGetSortedJobCandidateByAge() throws Exception { JobCandidate jobCandidate1 = new JobCandidate("Mark Smith", "Male", 26); JobCandidate jobCandidate2 = new JobCandidate("Sandy Hunt", "Female", 23); JobCandidate jobCandidate3 = new JobCandidate("Betty Clark", "Female", 20); JobCandidate jobCandidate4 = new JobCandidate("Andrew Styne", "Male", 24); ArrayList jobCandidateList = new ArrayList(); jobCandidateList.add(jobCandidate1); jobCandidateList.add(jobCandidate2); jobCandidateList.add(jobCandidate3); jobCandidateList.add(jobCandidate4); JobCandidateSorter jobCandidateSorter = new JobCandidateSorter(jobCandidateList); ArrayList sortedJobCandidate = jobCandidateSorter.getSortedJobCandidateByAge(); System.out.println("-----Sorted JobCandidate by age: Ascending-----"); for (JobCandidate jobCandidate : sortedJobCandidate) { System.out.println(jobCandidate); } } }
JobCandidateSorterTest类中,我们创建了四个 JobCandidate 对象并把它们添加到 ArrayList,然后传递这个 ArrayList 到构造函数来实例化 JobCandidateSorter 类。最后,我们调用 JobCandidateSorter 类的 getSortedJobCandidateByAge()方法,并打印这个方法返回的排序后的 ArrayList。测试的输出结果如下:
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T E S T S
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Running guru.springframework.blog.sortarraylist.comparable.JobCandidateSorterTest
-----Sorted JobCandidate by age: Ascending-----
Name: Betty Clark, Gender: Female, age:20
Name: Sandy Hunt, Gender: Female, age:23
Name: Andrew Styne, Gender: Male, age:24
Name: Mark Smith, Gender: Male, age:26
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.003 sec
- in guru.springframework.blog.sortarraylist.comparable.JobCandidateSorterTest
3. 使用 Comparator 排序
比如我有一个Person类,它的实例对象存储在ArrayList数组中,现在要把ArrayList数组中的Person对象按照年龄排序.代码如下:
Person类
public class Person { String name; int age; public Person(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
Mycomparator类
public class Mycomparator implements Comparator { public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) { Person p1 = (Person) o1; Person p2 = (Person) o2; if (p1.age < p2.age) return 1; else return 0; } }
ListSort类
public class ListSort { public static void main(String[] args) { ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); list.add(new Person("lcl", 28)); list.add(new Person("fx", 23)); list.add(new Person("wqx", 29)); Comparator comp = new Mycomparator(); Collections.sort(list, comp); for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i) { Person p = (Person) list.get(i); System.out.println(p.getName()); } } }
当然,如果你的List包装的是基本类型或者String,则只要 Collections.sort(list);即可